how to lead a horse

Leading a horse is very easy.
Walk in front of your horse. Pretend that there's a circle around you that's your personal space. If the horse steps into that circle, make him get out of your personal space. Do this by walking toward him, saying "back," and hitting the horse's knees with the lead rope.
You want the horse to go wherever you go. Walk in front of him. Let him follow on a loose lead.
Back him up again. Walk toward him and say "back," then shake the lead rope and hit his knees with it.